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1.
J. coloproctol. (Rio J., Impr.) ; 38(4): 343-345, Oct.-Dec. 2018. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-975969

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT The aim of this report is to present an unusual case of Crohn's disease affecting the terminal ileum; whose principal differential diagnosis was Yersinia enterolocolitica infection, as the histological features of the resected ileum was common to both diseases. We also describe how the infectious etiology was discarded and the implications for the patient follow-up.


RESUMO O objetivo desse relato é analisar um caso incomum de doença de Crohn, cujo diagnóstico diferencial, com possível infecção por Yersinia enterocilítica, foi dificultado pela presença de alterações histológicas das duas doenças. Descrevemos como foi realizada a exclusão de causas infecciosas e as implicações no acompanhamento do paciente.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Yersinia Infections/diagnosis , Crohn Disease/diagnosis , Ileitis , Bacterial Infections
2.
Acta cir. bras ; 32(7): 515-522, July 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-886219

ABSTRACT

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the effects of mesenchymal stem cells on liver regeneration in rats following a 70% hepatectomy. Methods: Forty rats were subjected to 70% hepatectomy and then ~106 mesenchymal stem cells (test group), or saline solution (control group), were infused into their livers via the portal vein. Each treatment group was divided into early and late subgroups (euthanized 3 d and 5 d following the operation, respectively). Group comparisons of Albumin, aminotransaminases (AST, ALT), and Alcaline Phosphatase (AP) levels, proliferative index (ki-67+ straining), and mitotic cell counts were conducted. Results: No significant differences in liver regeneration rate, number of mitoses, proliferative index, or serum levels of albumin, AST, or AP were observed. ALT levels were higher in the test group than in the control group (p<.05). Conclusions: Mesenchymal stem-cell therapy did not improve liver regeneration rate 3 d or 5 d after 70% hepatectomy in rats. Likewise, the therapy appeared not to affect liver function, proliferative index, or number of mitoses significantly.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation/methods , Hepatectomy/methods , Liver Regeneration , Time Factors , Rats, Wistar , Models, Animal , Cell Proliferation , Injections, Intravenous
3.
Ann. hepatol ; 16(2): 255-262, Mar.-Apr. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-887230

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Background. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common malignancy that develops in cirrhotic livers. Its clinical and epidemiological characteristics and mortality rates vary according to geographical region. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical profile, epidemiological characteristics, laboratory parameters, treatment and survival of patients with HCC. Material and methods. Patients with HCC seen between 2000 and 2012 were studied. The Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis according to variables in question. Results. The study included 247 patients with a mean age of 60 ± 10 years. There was a predominance of males (74%). The main etiologies of HCC were HCV infection (55%), excessive alcohol consumption (12%), and HBV infection (8%). Liver cirrhosis was present in 92% of cases. The mean tumor number and diameter were 2 and 5 cm, respectively. Patients meeting the Milan criteria corresponded to 43% of the sample. Liver transplantation was performed in 22.4% of patients of the Milan subset and in 10% of the whole sample. The overall mean survival was 60 months, with a 1-, 3- and 5-year survival probability of 74%, 40% and 29%, respectively. Lower survival was observed among patients with alcoholic etiology. Survival was higher among patients submitted to liver transplantation (P < 0.001), TACE (P < 0.001), or any kind of treatment (P < 0.001). However, no difference was found for surgical resection (P = 0.1) or sorafenib (P = 0.1). Conclusion. Patients with HCC were mainly older men diagnosed at an advanced stage. Treatment was associated with better overall survival, but few patients survived to be treated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Liver Transplantation , Chemoembolization, Therapeutic , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/therapy , Ablation Techniques , Hepatectomy , Liver Neoplasms/therapy , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Phenylurea Compounds/therapeutic use , Time Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Treatment Outcome , Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/adverse effects , Chemoembolization, Therapeutic/mortality , Niacinamide/analogs & derivatives , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/etiology , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/mortality , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/pathology , Tumor Burden , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Tertiary Care Centers , Hepatectomy/adverse effects , Hepatectomy/mortality , Liver Neoplasms/etiology , Neoplasm Staging , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
4.
Acta cir. bras ; 31(12): 783-792, Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-837654

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT PURPOSE: To describe an animal model for acute liver failure by intraperitoneal d-galactosamine injections in rats and to define when is the best time to intervene through King's College and Clichy´s criteria evaluation. METHODS: Sixty-one Wistar female rats were distributed into three groups: group 1 (11 rats received 1.4 g/kg of d-galactosamine intraperitoneally and were observed until they died); group 2 (44 rats received a dose of 1.4 g/kg of d-galactosamine and blood and histological samples were collected for analysis at 12 , 24, 48 , 72 and 120 hours after the injection); and the control group as well (6 rats) . RESULTS: Twelve hours after applying d-galactosamine, AST/ALT, bilirubin, factor V, PT and INR were already altered. The peak was reached at 48 hours. INR > 6.5 was found 12 hours after the injection and factor V < 30% after 24 hours. All the laboratory variables presented statistical differences, except urea (p = 0.758). There were statistical differences among all the histological variables analyzed. CONCLUSION: King's College and Clichy´s criteria were fulfilled 12 hours after the d-galactosamine injection and this time may represent the best time to intervene in this acute liver failure animal model.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Liver Failure, Acute/chemically induced , Galactosamine , Time Factors , Rats, Wistar , Liver Failure, Acute/pathology , Liver Failure, Acute/therapy , Apoptosis/drug effects , Disease Models, Animal , Injections, Intraperitoneal , Liver/pathology
5.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 52(4): 315-320, Oct.-Dec. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-771919

ABSTRACT

Background - Different factors are responsible for the progression of hepatic fibrosis in chronic infection with hepatitis C virus, but the role of nutritional factors in the progression of the disease is not clearly defined. This study aimed to evaluate the nutritional status and dietary profile among patients with chronic hepatitis C who were candidates for treatment and its association with histopathological features. Methods - A crossectional study was conducted on treatment-naïve patients with chronic hepatitis C genotype 1, between 2011 and 2013. The following assessments were performed before treatment: liver biopsy, anthropometric measurements and qualitative/quantitative analysis of food intake. Results - Seventy patients were studied. The majority of patients was classified as obese (34%) or overweight (20%) according to body mass index [BMI] and as at risk for cardiovascular diseases by waist circumference (79%). Unhealthy food intake was presented by 59% according to qualitative parameters and several patients showed an insufficient intake of calories (59%), excessive intake of protein (36%) and of saturated fat (63%), according to quantitative analysis. With respect to histology, 68% presented activity grade ≥2, 65% had steatosis and 25% exhibited fibrosis stage >2. Comparative analysis between anthropometric parameters and histological features showed that elevated waist circumference was the only variable associated to hepatic steatosis ( P =0.05). There was no association between qualitative and quantitative food intake parameters with histological findings. Conclusion - In this study, most of the patients with hepatitis C presented inadequate qualitative food intake and excessive consumption of saturated fat; in addition, excess of abdominal fat was associated to hepatic steatosis. Therefore, nutritional guidance should be implemented prior to treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C, in order to avoid nutritional disorders and negative impact on the management of patients.


Contexto - Diferentes fatores são responsáveis pela progressão da fibrose na infecção crônica pelo vírus da hepatite C, mas o papel dos fatores nutricionais na progressão da doença não está definido. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o estado nutricional e o perfil dietético de pacientes com hepatite C crônica candidatos a tratamento e sua associação com achados histopatológicos. Métodos - Foi conduzido um estudo transversal em pacientes com hepatite C crônica genótipo 1 virgens de tratamento, entre 2011 e 2013. Foram analisados, antes do tratamento, os seguintes aspectos: biópsia hepática, medidas antropométricas e análise qualitativa e quantitativa do consumo alimentar. Resultados - Setenta pacientes foram estudados. A maioria dos pacientes apresentava obesidade (34%) ou sobrepeso (20%) de acordo com índice de massa corporal e risco para doenças cardiovasculares de acordo com a circunferência da cintura elevada (79%). Na análise qualitativa do consumo alimentar, 59% apresentavam uma dieta inadequada. Conforme análise quantitativa, 59% tinham consumo insuficiente de calorias, 36% consumo excessivo de proteínas e 63% consumo excessivo de gorduras saturadas. Com relação à histologia, 68% apresentavam grau de atividade inflamatória ≥2, 65% mostraram esteatose hepática e 25% possuíam grau de fibrose >2. Na análise comparativa entre as medidas antropométricas e achados histológicos, somente a circunferência da cintura elevada mostrou associação com esteatose hepática ( P =0,05). Não houve associação entre consumo alimentar qualitativo e quantitativo com parâmetros histológicos. Conclusão - A maioria dos pacientes apresentava consumo alimentar inadequado de acordo com parâmetros qualitativos e consumo excessivo de gordura saturada, além de excesso de gordura abdominal, que esteve associada à esteatose hepática. Portanto, aconselhamento nutricional deveria ser implementado em pacientes candidatos a tratamento para hepatite C crônica visando evitar distúrbios nutricionais que podem impactar negativamente no manejo dos pacientes.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Energy Intake/physiology , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Body Mass Index , Chronic Disease , Cross-Sectional Studies , Disease Progression , Fatty Liver/etiology , Fatty Liver/physiopathology , Genotype , Hepatitis C, Chronic/genetics , Hepatitis C, Chronic/physiopathology , Liver Cirrhosis/etiology , Liver Cirrhosis/physiopathology , Obesity/complications , Obesity/physiopathology , Risk Factors , Severity of Illness Index
6.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 57(6): 527-530, Nov.-Dec. 2015. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-770120

ABSTRACT

Paracoccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis are systemic fungal infections endemic in Brazil. Disseminated clinical forms are uncommon in immunocompetent individuals. We describe two HIV-negative patients with disseminated fungal infections, paracoccidioidomycosis and histoplasmosis, who were diagnosed by biopsies of suprarenal lesions. Both were treated for a prolonged period with oral antifungal agents, and both showed favorable outcomes.


A paracoccidioidomicose e a histoplasmose são infecções fúngicas sistêmicas endêmicas no Brasil. As formas clínicas disseminadas são incomuns em pacientes imunocompetentes. Nós descrevemos dois pacientes HIV-negativos com infecções fúngicas disseminadas, paracoccidioidomicose e histoplasmose, que foram diagnosticadas por biópsias de lesões de supra-renal. Ambos foram tratados por períodos prolongados com antifúngicos orais, evoluindo com boa resposta terapêutica.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adrenal Gland Diseases/diagnosis , Central Nervous System Fungal Infections/diagnosis , Facial Dermatoses/diagnosis , Histoplasmosis/diagnosis , Paracoccidioidomycosis/diagnosis , Adrenal Gland Diseases/microbiology , Biopsy , Brazil , Central Nervous System Fungal Infections/microbiology , Facial Dermatoses/microbiology , Immunocompetence/physiology
7.
Rev. patol. trop ; 44(3): 343-349, out. 2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-912020

ABSTRACT

Descreve-se aqui um caso de reativação de leishmaniose cutaneomucosa durante o tratamento com alfainterferona 2b (IFN) para hepatite B crônica (HBV). Relato do caso: Paciente masculino, 52 anos, natural da Bahia, procedente de São Paulo onde vivia há 30 anos, encaminhado por HBV. Na história epidemiológica, referiu-se a uma viagem há cinco anos para Porto Seguro-BA, sem apresentar outros fatores de risco. No exame físico para admissão, não havia evidências de doença hepática crônica. Sorologias pré-tratamento: HBsAg e HBeAg positivos, biópsia A0F0 (Metavir). Foi submetido a tratamento com IFN 5 milhões de UI/dia por 24 semanas. No final, apresentava-se HBV DNA detectável, sem soroconversão de HBeAg, porém evoluiu no quarto mês de tratamento com perda ponderal de 10 kg, astenia, sinais e sintomas de sinusite sem melhora clínica após antibioticoterapia. Foi encaminhado para a otorrinolaringologia com rouquidão persistente, destruição de septo nasal, com áreas de crostas, necrose local, alargamento nasal e lesão em palato mole, cuja biópsia mostrou processo inflamatório granulomatoso com necrose caseosa, sugestivo de leishmaniose. Sorologia para leishmaniose IgG 1/80 (IFI) e intradermorreação de Montenegro de 30 mm. Indicado antimoniato de meglumina IV por 30 dias, obteve melhora da rouquidão e das lesões de palato. Conclusão: O quadro clínico sugere reativação da leishmaniose induzida pelo IFN. Acredita-se que este seja o primeiro relato na literatura de reativação de leishmaniose muco-cutânea por uso de IFN, semelhantemente ao que ocorre com a tuberculose. Screening para leishmaniose deve ser realizado em paciente de região endêmica no pré-tratamento com IFN diante da possibilidade de reativação de infecção latente


Subject(s)
Hepatitis B, Chronic , Leishmaniasis , Interferon-alpha
8.
Acta cir. bras ; 30(1): 34-45, 01/2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-735704

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the protective effects of chilling the bile ducts with cold (5°C) 5% glucose solution (GS) during radiofrequency (RF) administration. METHODS: Twenty male pigs (3 mos. old; 25-30 kg) were subjected to RF delivery with chilling (experimental group, N=10) or without chilling (control group, N=10). Half of the animals in each group were euthanized immediately after the operation, and half were euthanized one week later. The following histological variables in relation to the bile ducts were evaluated by a pathologist (blind examiner): degenerative changes to the epithelium; epithelial necrosis; ulceration, regenerative changes of the epithelium; polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltration; and thermal effects. RESULTS: The experimental group (88 bile ducts examined) showed reduced thermal damage relative to the control group (86 bile ducts examined) as demonstrated by significant differences in the following histopathological parameters: epithelial detachment of biliary epithelium (84.1% vs. 59.3%; p<0.006); elongation/palisade arrangement of nuclei (65.1% vs. 87.5%; p<0.001); pseudo-goblet cells (32.9% vs. 56.8%; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Infusion of 5% glucose solution (5°C) has a protective effect on bile ducts subjected to heat (95-110°C, 12 min) from radiofrequency thermal ablation device. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Bile Ducts/injuries , Burns/prevention & control , Catheter Ablation/adverse effects , Cryotherapy/methods , Glucose/pharmacology , Liver/surgery , Bile Duct Diseases/prevention & control , Bile Ducts/pathology , Burns/etiology , Catheter Ablation/methods , Hot Temperature/adverse effects , Perfusion , Protective Agents/pharmacology , Reproducibility of Results , Swine , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
9.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 57(4): 327-331, June 2013. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-678149

ABSTRACT

Thyroid metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rare, and has poor prognosis. We report the case of a 62-year-old woman seen at our clinic because of the occurrence of a slightly painful abdominal mass. At that time, alpha-fetoprotein concentration was very high, reaching 49,831.7 ng/mL. Abdominal ultrasound showed a heterogeneous mass in segment IV of the liver, which was diagnosed as HCC upon MRI. The patient underwent surgical resection and histological analysis of the specimen confirmed HCC. Metastases to the thyroid were detected 17 months after liver resection. Although the presence of metastases indicates advanced disease, thyroidectomy was performed, since no other distant metastases were detected. In fact, the patient is doing well 3 years after thyroidectomy and regular imaging exams showed no tumor recurrence. Current alpha-fetoprotein concentration is 8 ng/mL. In conclusion, thyroid metastasis from HCC is uncommon and short-term survival is expected. However, surgical resection should be encouraged, especially in the case of solitary metastases.


As metástases de carcinoma hepatocelular (CHC) em tiroide são raras e o prognóstico é ruim. Relatamos o caso de uma paciente de 62 anos de idade atendida em nossa clínica devido a uma massa abdominal levemente dolorida. Naquele momento, a concentração de alta-fetoproteína era muito alta, chegando a 49.831,7 ng/mL. O ultrassom de abdômen mostrou uma massa heterogênea no segmento IV do fígado, que foi diagnosticada como CHC por meio de ressonância magnética. A paciente foi submetida a uma ressecção cirúrgica, e a análise histológica do espécime confirmou o CHC. As metástases na tiroide foram detectadas 17 meses após a ressecção do fígado. Embora a presença de metástases indique doença avançada, a tiroidectomia foi feita porque não foram detectadas outras metástases distantes. De fato, três anos após a tiroidectomia, a paciente está bem e os exames de rotina mostraram não haver recorrência do tumor. A concentração atual de alfa-fetoproteína é de 8 ng/mL. Concluiu-se que as metástases de CHC em tiroide não são comuns e espera-se uma sobrevida curta. Entretanto, deve-se encorajar a ressecção cirúrgica, especialmente no caso de metástases solitárias.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/secondary , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/surgery , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/secondary , Thyroid Neoplasms/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Thyroid Gland/pathology , alpha-Fetoproteins/analysis
10.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 51(6): 331-336, Oct.-Dec. 2009. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-539452

ABSTRACT

The complex interaction between hepatitis C virus infection, iron homeostasis and the response to antiviral treatment remains controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of hepatic iron concentration (HIC) on the sustained virological response (SVR) to antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C. A total of 50 patients who underwent pretreatment liver biopsy with assessment of HIC by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy and were subsequently submitted to antiviral treatment with interferon/peginterferon and ribavirin were included in the study. Patients with alcoholism, history of multiple blood transfusion, chronic kidney disease, hemolytic anemia and parenteral iron therapy were excluded. The iron related markers and HIC were compared between those who achieved an SVR and non-responders (NR) patients. The mean age was 45.7 years and the proportion of patients' gender was not different between SVR and NR patients. The median serum iron was 138 and 134 µg/dL (p = 0.9), the median serum ferritin was 152.5 and 179.5 ng/mL (p = 0.87) and the median HIC was 9.9 and 8.2 µmol/g dry tissue (p = 0.51), for SVR and NR patients, respectively. Thus, hepatic iron concentration, determined by a reliable quantitative method, was not a negative predictive factor of SVR in patients with chronic hepatitis C presenting mild to moderate hepatic iron accumulation.


A complexa interação entre infecção pelo vírus da hepatite C, homeostase do ferro e resposta ao tratamento antiviral permanece controversa. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influência da concentração hepática de ferro (CHF) na resposta virológica sustentada (RVS) à terapia antiviral na hepatite C crônica. Foram incluídos 50 pacientes que foram submetidos à biopsia hepática pré-tratamento com determinação da CHF por espectrofotometria de absorção atômica com forno de grafite e tratados posteriormente com interferon/peginterferon e ribavirina. Pacientes com alcoolismo, história de múltiplas transfusões sanguíneas, doença renal crônica, anemia hemolítica e terapia com ferro parenteral foram excluídos. O perfil de ferro sérico e a CHF foram comparados entre aqueles que atingiram RVS e os não-respondedores (NR). A média de idade dos pacientes foi 45,7 anos e não houve diferença na proporção de homens e mulheres entre os grupos RVS e NR. A mediana do ferro sérico foi 138 and 134 µg/dL (p = 0.9), a mediana da ferritina sérica foi 152,5 e 179,5 ng/mL (p = 0,87) e a CHF mediana foi 9,9 e 8,2 µmol/g de tecido seco (p = 0,51), para pacientes com RVS e NR, respectivamente. Concluindo, a concentração hepática de ferro, determinada por um método quantitativo confiável, não foi um fator preditivo negativo de RVS em pacientes com hepatite C crônica e acúmulo de ferro hepático leve a moderado.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Antiviral Agents/administration & dosage , Hepatitis C, Chronic/drug therapy , Interferons/administration & dosage , Iron/analysis , Liver/chemistry , Ribavirin/administration & dosage , Drug Therapy, Combination , Hepatitis C, Chronic/metabolism , Retrospective Studies , Spectrophotometry, Atomic
11.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop ; 42(5): 591-593, Sept.-Oct. 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-532520

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of GB virus C on laboratory markers and histological parameters among HIV-seropositive patients coinfected with HCV. Lower degrees of hepatic lesions were observed in the triple-infected patients, in comparison with HIV-HCV coinfected patients who were negative for GBV-C RNA.


O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito da infecção pelo vírus GB-C em marcadores laboratoriais e parâmetros histológicos em pacientes HIV soropositivos coinfectados com VHC. Menor grau de lesão hepática foi observado nos pacientes com tripla infecção em comparação aos pacientes coinfectados com VIH-VHC negativos para GBV-C RNA.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Flaviviridae Infections/complications , GB virus C , HIV Infections/complications , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Alanine Transaminase/blood , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Disease Progression , Flaviviridae Infections/pathology , Flaviviridae Infections/virology , Genotype , HIV Infections/pathology , Hepatitis C, Chronic/enzymology , Hepatitis C, Chronic/pathology , Prospective Studies , RNA, Viral/analysis , Severity of Illness Index , Viral Load , Young Adult , gamma-Glutamyltransferase/blood
12.
Rev. bras. ter. intensiva ; 19(4): 490-493, out.-dez. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-473629

ABSTRACT

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: O infarto hepático é definido como necrose isquêmica do parênquima hepático envolvendo pelo menos dois ácinos. Trata-se de evento considerado raro devido ao duplo suprimento sangüíneo, arterial e venoso. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar um caso de paciente não sabidamente diabética que desenvolveu extensas áreas isquêmicas de infarto hepático, após quadro de descompensação aguda da diabete. RELATO DO CASO: Paciente do sexo feminino, 67 anos, hipertensa, procurou o Pronto Socorro com queixas de polidipsia, poliúria, turvação visual, náuseas e vômitos, dificuldade para deambular, havia aproximadamente 10 dias. Ao exame físico foi observado desidratação, palidez cutânea, cianose periférica, hipotermia, taquicardia, hipotensão, dor abdominal leve e difusa. Exames laboratoriais mostraram: leucócitos: 16800, creatinina (Cr): 3,7, uréia (Ur): 167, Na: 133, K: 6.9, glicose: 561; gasometria arterial (cateter de oxigênio: 2 L/min): pH: 6.93, pCO2: 12.1, pO2: 107, BE: -28,8, HCO3: 2,4, Sat 91,3 por cento, lact: 79; urina I: pH: 6,0; leucócitos: 13; densidade: 1015; eritrócitos: 19; proteína: ++; glicose: +++; bilirrubina: negativa; corpos cetônicos: + denotando cetonemia. Eletrocardiograma com onda T apiculada, bloqueio de ramo direito. A paciente foi tratada com insulina, hidratação, bicarbonato de sódio e introduzido antibioticoterapia. Após o tratamento inicial, os exames laboratoriais mostraram: Cr: 2,2, Ur: 122, Na: 162, K: 4,3, Ca: 6,4, glicose: 504, pH: 7,01, HCO3: 7.1, BE: - 22. Um dia após, a paciente apresentou importante dor abdominal acompanhada de irritação peritoneal, além de sonolência e dificuldade para falar; exames laboratoriais mostraram: pH: 7,4, pCO2 : 31, pO2: 68, BE: -4,4, HCO3: 19, Sat.O2: 93,5 por cento; Ur: 95; Cr: 1,4, albumina: 2,4, Ca: 0,95, Na: 166, K:4, bilirrubina: 0,5, bilirrubina D/I: 0,2/0,3, amilase: 1157, Gama-GT: 56, AST 7.210, ALT: 2.470, VHS: 15, lipase: 84. Ultrasonografia abdominal...


BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hepatic infarction is characterized by parenchyma ischemic necrosis involving at least two acinis. It is extremely uncommon due to the arterial and portal venous blood supply. We report a case of a patient not know to have diabetes who developed massive areas of ischemic infarcts of the liver after episode of acutely diabetes decompensated. CASE REPORT: A 67 year-old hypertensive female who has been presenting, for the last 10 days, polydipsia, high urinary volume, visual and gait impairment, nausea and vomiting was admitted to the emergency room (ER). During the physical examination it was observed dehydration, skin discoloration, peripheral cyanosis, hypothermia, tachycardia, hypotension and mild diffuse abdominal pain. Admissional laboratory exams demonstrated total leukocytes: 16.800, Cr: 3.7, Ur: 167, Na: 133, K: 6.9, glucose: 561; arterial gasometry (O2 catheter: 2 L/min): pH: 6.93, pCO2: 12.1, pO2: 107, B.E.: -28.8, HCO3: 2.4, Sat 91.3 percent, lactato: 79; urinalysis: pH: 6; leukocytes: 13; density: 1015; erythrocytes: 19; protein: ++; glucose: +++; bilirubin: negative; ketonic bodies: + denote ketonemia. EKG: sharp T wave, right branch block. Patient was treated with intravenous insulin, hydration, sodium bicarbonate and ceftriaxone. After initial treatment, the laboratory exams showed Cr: 2.2, Ur: 122, Na: 162, K: 4.3, Ca: 6.4, glucose: 504, pH: 7.01, HCO3: 7.1, B.E.: -22. One day after admission the patient presented with important abdominal pain and peritoneal irritation, followed by difficulty for talking and somnolence; routine laboratory exams showed arterial gasometry: pH: 7.4, pCO2: 31, pO2: 68, BE: -4.4, HCO3: 19, SatO2: 93.5 percent; Ur: 95,Cr: 1.4, albumin: 2.4, Ca: 0.95, Na: 166, K:4, bilirubin: 0.5, bilirubin D/I: 0.2/0.3, Amylase: 1157, Gamma-GT: 56, AST 7.210, ALT: 2.470, SR (sedimentation rate): 15, Lipase: 84. Abdominal ultrasound was unremarkable. Patient respiratory function and conscience...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Diabetes Mellitus , Massive Hepatic Necrosis , Portal Vein/abnormalities
13.
São Paulo med. j ; 125(5): 297-299, Sept. 2007. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-470630

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Primary adenocarcinomas of the bladder are uncommon and usually occur by contiguity with or hematogenic dissemination of other adenocarcinomas such as colorectal, prostate and gynecological tract carcinomas. Mucinous and signet-ring cell histological patterns are even rarer and it is often difficult to morphologically distinguish them from metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma. CASE REPORT: We present and discuss a rare case of primary mucinous adenocarcinoma of the bladder with signet-ring cells in a 57-year-old male patient. Other primary sites for the tumor had been excluded and, in the absence of digestive tract tumor and for confirmation that it was a primary bladder tumor, an immunohistochemistry study was performed.


CONTEXTO: Adenocarcinomas vesicais primários são incomuns, o habitual é o comprometimento por contigüidade ou via hematogênica de outros adenocarcinomas como colorretal, próstata e trato ginecológico. O padrão histológico correspondente ao mucinoso e com células em anel de sinete é mais raro e, muitas vezes, há dificuldade em distingui-lo morfologicamente do adenocarcinoma colorretal metastático. RELATO DE CASO: Apresentamos e discutimos um caso de adenocarcinama mucinoso com células em anel de sinete primário da bexiga em um paciente masculino, de 57 anos. Foram excluídos outros sítios primários do tumor e, na ausência de tumor do trato digestivo e para confirmação de tumor vesical primário realizou-se estudo imunoistoquímico.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Signet Ring Cell/diagnosis , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis , /analysis , /analysis , Mucins/analysis , Stomach Neoplasms/diagnosis
14.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 43(1): 41-44, jan.-mar. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-426737

ABSTRACT

RACIONAL: O teste respiratório da metacetina marcada com carbono 13 (13C-metacetina) é método não-invasivo que permite examinar a função hepática microssomal, permitindo avaliação quantitativa da massa hepática funcional. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a utilidade clinica do teste respiratório da 13C-metacetina na avaliação de pacientes com doença crônica do fígado pelo vírus da hepatite C. CASUíSTICA E MÉTODOS: Setenta e oito pacientes com hepatite crônica C e 13 indivíduos saudáveis pareados por sexo e idade foram estudados. Pacientes infectados cronicamente pelo vírus C foram classificados como portadores de hepatite crônica (n = 51) ou cirrose hepática (n = 27, sendo 7 deles classificados como descompensados pela presença de ascite, icterícia e/ou encefalopatia). Pacientes co-infectados HbsAg/HIV, em uso crônico de álcool, com outras doenças crônicas ou em uso de medicamentos que pudessem interferir com a atividade do citocromo P450, foram excluídos. O estádio e a atividade da doença nos fragmentos de biopsia foram determinados de acordo com os critérios da Sociedade Brasileira de Hepatologia. O teste respiratório da 13C-metacetina foi realizado com 75 mg de 13C-metacetina e a concentração de 13CO2 no ar expirado foi medido através de espectrometria infravermelha não dispersiva. Foram calculados o "delta over baseline" e o percentual de recuperação cumulativo do 13CO2 aos 40 (teste respiratório da 13C-metacetina 40 min) e aos 120 minutos (teste respiratório da 13C-metacetina 120 min). RESULTADOS: Os parâmetros do teste respiratório da 13C-metacetina se correlacionaram com avaliação estrutural histológica, mas não com a atividade necroinflamatória no tecido hepático, sendo que a melhor correlação foi obtida entre o grau de estádio e o teste respiratório da 13C-metacetina 120 min. Os valores médios do teste respiratório da 13C-metacetina 120 min foram significantemente mais reduzidos nos grupos cirróticos (19,2 ± 7,1 por cento para cirróticos compensados e 14,7 ± 4,0 por cento para os cirróticos descompensados) que nos grupos controle (29,9 ± 4,5 por cento) e com hepatite crônica (27,8 ± 6,1 por cento). A melhor acurácia no diagnóstico de cirrose entre os portadores de hepatite crônica C foi encontrada para o teste respiratório da 13C-metacetina 120 min com 81 por cento de sensibilidade e 77 por cento de especificidade...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Acetamides , Breath Tests/methods , Hepatitis C, Chronic/complications , Liver Cirrhosis/etiology , Liver Function Tests/methods , Biopsy , Case-Control Studies , Hepatitis C, Chronic/pathology , Hepatitis C, Chronic/physiopathology , Liver Cirrhosis/pathology , Liver Cirrhosis/physiopathology , Sensitivity and Specificity , Severity of Illness Index , Time Factors
15.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 6(5): 219-224, Oct. 2002. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-337111

ABSTRACT

There is increasing interest in the identification of factors associated with liver disease progression in patients infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). We assessed host-related factors associated with a histologically advanced stage of this disease and determined the rate of liver fibrosis progression in HCV-infected patients. We included patients submitted to liver biopsy, who were anti-HCV and HCV RNA positive, who showed a parenteral risk factor (blood transfusion or intravenous drug use), and who gave information about alcohol consumption.Patients were divided into two groups for analysis: group 1 - grades 0 to 2; group 2 - grades 3 to 4. The groups were compared in terms of sex, age at the time of infection, estimated duration of infection and alcoholism. The rate of fibrosis progression (index of fibrosis) was determined based on the relationship between disease stage and duration of infection (years). Logistic regression analysis revealed that age at the time of infection (P<0.01; 95 percent CI 1.06-1.22) and the duration of infection (P<0.01; 95 percent CI 1.06-1.32) were independently associated with a more advanced stage of hepatitis C. The median index of fibrosis was 0.14 for the group as a whole. A significant difference in the index of fibrosis was observed between patients aged < 40 years at infection (median = 0.11) and patients aged > or = 40 years (median = 0.47). The main factors associated with a more rapid fibrosis progression were age at the time of infection and the estimated duration of infection. Patients who acquired HCV after 40 years of age showed a higher rate of fibrosis progression


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Hepatitis C, Chronic , Liver Cirrhosis , Age Factors , Alcohol Drinking , Disease Progression , Hepatitis C, Chronic , Liver Cirrhosis , Logistic Models , Risk Factors , Time Factors
16.
Rev. bras. colo-proctol ; 20(3): 162-7, jul. 2000. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-285943

ABSTRACT

Introduçäo: o tratamento adjuvante dos doentes com câncer colorretal tem aumentado significantemente a sobrevida, tornando-se, nos últimos anos, um avanço no tratamento destes doentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a sobrevida e o tempo livre de doença de pacientes com câncer de colon ressecado submetidos a quimioterapia adjuvante e de câncer de reto submetidos a rádio e quimioterapia adjuvante. Casuística e métodos: setenta e quatro pacientes com câncer colorretal ressecados estádio II e III foram submetidos a tratamento adjuvante. Os doentes com câncer de colon (N=58) foram tratados com 5Fluorouracil (5FU) e levamisole (Lev) por um ano ou 5FU e ácido folínico (AF) por 6 meses por via endovenosa. Os pacientes com câncer de reto foram também submetidos a quimioterapia adjuvante com 5FU associado ou näo ao ácido folínico po 6 meses e radioterapia adjuvante. O seguimento foi realizado por no mínimo três anos. Resultados: O índice de sobrevida dos doentes com câncer de colon foi de 86 por cento nos estádios II e 55 por cento nos doentes estádio III. O percentual de sobrevida foi ligeiramente superior nos doentes com câncer de colon tratados com 5FU e ácido folínico, no entanto estas diferenças näo foram estatisticamente significantes. O tempo livre de doença dos pacientes com câncer de colon foi de 81 por cento nos de estádios II e 52 por cento nos de estádio III. O tempo livre de doença foi também ligeiramente superior nos enfermos com câncer de colon tratados com 5FU e ácido folínico, no entanto estas diferenças também näo foram estatisticamente significantes. Nos doentes com câncer de reto e sobrevida foi de 71,5 por cento e 50 por cento nos de estádio II e III respectivamente e o tempo livre de doença de 62.5 por cento nos pacientes estádio II e de 50 por cento nos de estádio III. Conclusäo: os resultados observados em nosso estudo foram semelhantes aos da literatura. O uso endovenoso de 5FU e AF mostrou discretos benefícios em relaçäo ao uso de 5FU e Lev. O tempo livre de doença e a sobrevida foram piores nos pacientes com câncer de reto


Subject(s)
Humans , Chemotherapy, Adjuvant , Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Colorectal Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Fluorouracil/administration & dosage , Radiotherapy, Adjuvant
17.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 37(2): 114-9, abr.-jun. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-279425

ABSTRACT

The evolving phases of acute appendicitis were studied experimentally. Sixty female rabbits (Oryctogalus cuniculus) of New Zealand lineage weighing about 2510 to 3040 g were divided in two groups: a control group and experimental group. The experimental group was divided into three subgroups for observation after 12, 24 and 48 hours of the operation, that consisted on a 4-0 polypropylene circular suture at 8 cmfrom the distal part of the cecal appendix. The control group was sham operated. The macroscopic exam (increase of the appendix volume, necrosis, perfuration, adherence and secretion in the abdominal cavity)...


Subject(s)
Animals , Rabbits , Female , Appendicitis/pathology , Acute Disease , Case-Control Studies , Chi-Square Distribution , Disease Models, Animal , Time Factors
18.
São Paulo med. j ; 118(2): 53-56, Mar. 2000. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-289851

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: The diagnosis of primary melanoma is easily confirmed after histological analysis of the lesion, whereas it is rarely diagnosed when the patient even has distant metastases. DESIGN: Case report CASE REPORT: Malignant melanoma is responsible for about 1 percent of all deaths caused by cancer in the USA and only 3 percent of all malig-nant skin diseases. Malignant melanoma is a rare disease, although it corresponds to 65 percent of all deaths caused by skin cancer. The liver and spleen are rarely the first sites of melanoma metastases. This paper reports on the clinical picture of a patient with fatal malignant melanoma and hepatic and spleen metastases. As this was an un-usual presentation, the melanoma diagnosis could only be made after pathological analysis of the skin and hepatic lesions


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Splenic Neoplasms/secondary , Ear Neoplasms/pathology , Ear, External/pathology , Liver Neoplasms/secondary , Melanoma/secondary , Splenic Neoplasms , Splenic Neoplasms/blood , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Liver Neoplasms , Liver Neoplasms/blood , Melanoma , Melanoma/blood
19.
Arq. gastroenterol ; 31(4): 145-8, out.-dez. 1994. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-153298

ABSTRACT

A síndrome de Peutz-Jeghers é uma doença rara de padräo autossômico dominante, com alta penetrância, apresentando manchas cutâneas e pólipos hamartomatosos. É relatada a ocorrência da síndrome com adenocarcinoma na segunda porçäo do duodeno, em um paciente jovem, com metástase hepática e infiltraçäo pancreática. A freqüência desta associaçäo é estimada em torno de 5 por cento dos portadores da síndrome. Tal associaçäo é rara e é discutida a possibilidade de pólipo adenomatoso sofrer degeneraçäo maligna, do hamartoma apresentar transformaçäo cancerosa ou a coexistência de adenoma entre os pólipos hamartomatosos


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Adenocarcinoma/complications , Duodenal Neoplasms/complications , Hamartoma/complications , Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome/complications , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Duodenal Neoplasms/pathology , Hamartoma/pathology , Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome/pathology
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